Created by: Leoneska
Number of Blossarys: 1
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list of symbols used on the package/label and their explanation
paket/etiket ve onların açıklama kullanılan sembolleri
list of symbols used on the package/label and their explanation
paket/etiket ve onların açıklama kullanılan sembolleri
In United States safety standards, precautionary statements are sentences providing information on potential hazards, and proper procedures. They are used in situations from consumer product on labels and manuals, to descriptions of physical activities. Various methods are used to bring focus to them, such as setting apart from normal text, graphic icons, changes in text's font and color. Texts will often clarify the types of statements and their meanings within the text. Common precautionary statements are described below.
Birleşik Devletler güvenlik standartları içinde potansiyel tehlikeler ve uygun yordamlar hakkında bilgi veren cümleler ihtiyati açıklamalardır. Bunlar fiziksel aktiviteler açıklamaları için tüketici ürün etiketleri ve kılavuzları, durumlarda kullanılır. Onlara ayar normal metin, grafik simgeler, metnin yazı tipini ve rengini yapılan değişiklikler dışında gibi odak getirmek için çeşitli yöntemler kullanılır. Metinler kez deyimler ve anlamları bir metin türleri açıklığa kavuşacaktır. Ortak tedbir ifadeler aşağıda açıklanmıştır.
Δόση: ποσότητα στους ακόλουθους τομείς: στη διατροφή, ιατρική, και Τοξικολογία: * δόση (Βιοχημεία), η ποσότητα του κάτι που μπορεί να καταναλωθεί από ή χορηγείται σε έναν οργανισμό, ή ότι ένας οργανισμός μπορεί να εκτεθεί σε στην ιατρική και την τοξικολογία: * απορροφούμενη δόση, το ποσό της ακτινοβολίας που έλαβε * χορήγησης της δόσης, η διαδικασία της διαχείρισης μια μετρημένη ποσότητα ένα φάρμακο ή χημική ουσία σε ένα άψυχο αντικείμενο ή το μη ανθρώπινα ζωικά * αποτελεσματική δόση, η μικρότερη ποσότητα μιας ουσίας που απαιτείται για την παραγωγή μια μετρήσιμες επιπτώσεις στις ένας ζωντανός οργανισμός * ισοδύναμης δόσης, κάποια δόση ακτινοβολίας στον ιστό * μέγιστη ανεκτή δόση, την υψηλότερη δόση των ραδιολογικών ή φαρμακολογική θεραπεία που θα παράγει το επιθυμητό αποτέλεσμα χωρίς απαράδεκτη τοξικότητα. * Βέλτιστη βιολογικών δόση, η ποσότητα των ραδιολογικών ή φαρμακολογική θεραπεία που θα παράγει το επιθυμητό αποτέλεσμα με αποδεκτή τοξικότητα. * Δόση αναφοράς, το Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες υπηρεσία προστασίας του περιβάλλοντος του μέγιστη αποδεκτή δόση από το στόμα μιας τοξικής ουσίας δοσολογία είναι ένα συνώνυμο για τη βιοχημική όρος δόση!
Doz miktarı aşağıdaki alanlara demektir: beslenme, tıp ve toksikoloji: * doz (Biyokimya) tarafından yemiş veya yönetilen bir organizma veya bir organizma için tıp ve toksikoloji maruz miktarı bir şey: * absorbe doz, alınan radyasyon miktarı * Dosing, cansız nesne veya insan hayvan için bir ilaç veya kimyasal ölçülü miktarda yönetme işlemi * etkili doz, yaşayan bir organizma üzerinde ölçülebilir bir etkisi üretmek için gerekli bir madde en az miktarda * eşit dozu, doku radyasyon dozu, ölçütü * tolere maksimum doz, kabul edilemez toksisite olmadan istenen etkiyi oluşturacak bir radyolojik veya farmakolojik tedavi yüksek doz. * Optimum biyolojik doz, istenen etkiyi ile kabul edilebilir toksisite üretecek bir radyolojik veya farmakolojik tedavi miktarı. * Başvuru doz, Birleşik Devletler Çevre Koruma Ajansı'nın en çok kabul edilebilir oral doz toksik madde dozajı biyokimyasal vadeli doz eşanlamlısıdır.
In medicine, most medications can be safely used with other medicines, but particular combinations of medicines need to be monitored for interactions, often by the pharmacist. In molecular biology, the knowledge on gene/protein interaction among themselves and with their metabolites is referred to as molecular pathways. Interactions between medications (drug interactions) fall generally into one of two main categories: 1. pharmacodynamic : Involving the actions of the two interacting drugs. 2. pharmacokinetic : Involving the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of one or both of the interacting drugs upon the other. In terms of efficacy, there can be three types of interactions between medications: additive, synergistic, and antagonistic. Additive interaction means the effect of two chemicals is equal to the sum of the effect of the two chemicals taken separately. This is usually due to the two chemicals acting on the body in the same way. Examples would be Aspirin and Motrin, Alcohol and Depressant, Tranquilizer and Painkiller. Synergistic interaction means that the effect of two chemicals taken together is greater than the sum of their separate effect at the same doses. An example is Pesticide and Fertilizer, the biological effect is devastating. Antagonistic interaction means that the effect of two chemicals is actually less than the sum of the effect of the two drugs taken independently of each other. This is because the second chemical increases the excretion of the first, or even directly blocks its toxic actions. Antagonism forms the basis for antidotes of poisonings.
Tıp, en ilaçlar diğer ilaçlar ile güvenle kullanılabilir, ancak ilaçların belirli birleşimleri için etkileşimler, sık sık eczacı tarafından izlenmesi gerekir. Moleküler biyolojide gen/protein etkileşimi ile bunların metabolitleri ve kendi aralarında bilgi, moleküler yollar adlandırılır. İlaçlar (ilaç etkileşimleri) arasındaki etkileşimler düşmek genel olarak iki ana kategoriden birine girer: 1. Farmakodinamik: iki etkileşen ilaç eylemleri içeren. 2. farmakokinetik: emme, dağıtım, metabolizması ve atılımı biri veya her ikisi diğeri üzerine etkileşen uyuşturucu ile ilgili. Yeterlik, orada-ebilmek var olmak ilaçlar arasındaki etkileşimler üç tür: katkı, sinerjik ve uzlaşmaz. Katkı etkileşim iki kimyasal etkisini ayrı ayrı alınan iki kimyasal maddelerin etkisi toplamına eşit olduğu anlamına gelir. Bu genellikle vücut üzerinde aynı şekilde hareket eden iki kimyasalların kaynaklanmaktadır. Örnekler, Aspirin ve Motrin, alkol ve yatıştırıcı, sakinleştirici ve ağrı kesici olacak. Sinerjik etkileşim birlikte ele alındığında iki kimyasal maddelerin etkisi ayrı etkilerini aynı dozda toplamından daha büyük demektir. Örneğin pestisit ve gübre, biyolojik etkisi yıkıcı olduğunu. Antagonistik etkileşim iki kimyasal maddelerin etkisi aslında birbirinden bağımsız olarak alınan iki ilaç etkisini toplamından daha az olduğu anlamına gelir. Bunun nedeni ikinci kimyasal ilk atılımı artar, ya da hatta doğrudan toksik eylemlerini engeller. Husumet zehirlenmeler bir panzehir temelini oluşturur.
In medicine, an adverse effect is a harmful and undesired effect resulting from a medication or other intervention such as surgery. An adverse effect may be termed a "side effect", when judged to be secondary to a main or therapeutic effect, and may result from an unsuitable or incorrect dosage or procedure, which could be due to medical error. Adverse effects are sometimes referred to as "iatrogenic" because they are generated by a physician/treatment. Some adverse effects only occur only when starting, increasing or discontinuing a treatment. Using a drug or other medical intervention which is contraindicated may increase the risk of adverse effects. Adverse effects may cause medical complications of a disease or procedure and negatively affect its prognosis. They may also lead to non-compliance with a treatment regimen. The harmful outcome is usually indicated by some result such as morbidity, mortality, alteration in body weight, levels of enzymes, loss of function, or as a pathological change detected at the microscopic, macroscopic or physiological level. It may also be indicated by symptoms reported by a patient. Adverse effects may cause a reversible or irreversible change, including an increase or decrease in the susceptibility of the individual to other chemicals, foods, or procedures, such as drug interactions. In clinical trials, a distinction is made between adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs). Generally, any event which causes death, permanent damage, birth defects, or requires hospitalization is considered an SAE.[1] The results of these trials are often included in the labeling of the medication to provide information both for patients and the prescribing physicians.
In medicine, an adverse effect is a harmful and undesired effect resulting from a medication or other intervention such as surgery. An adverse effect may be termed a "side effect", when judged to be secondary to a main or therapeutic effect, and may result from an unsuitable or incorrect dosage or procedure, which could be due to medical error. Adverse effects are sometimes referred to as "iatrogenic" because they are generated by a physician/treatment. Some adverse effects only occur only when starting, increasing or discontinuing a treatment. Using a drug or other medical intervention which is contraindicated may increase the risk of adverse effects. Adverse effects may cause medical complications of a disease or procedure and negatively affect its prognosis. They may also lead to non-compliance with a treatment regimen. The harmful outcome is usually indicated by some result such as morbidity, mortality, alteration in body weight, levels of enzymes, loss of function, or as a pathological change detected at the microscopic, macroscopic or physiological level. It may also be indicated by symptoms reported by a patient. Adverse effects may cause a reversible or irreversible change, including an increase or decrease in the susceptibility of the individual to other chemicals, foods, or procedures, such as drug interactions. In clinical trials, a distinction is made between adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs). Generally, any event which causes death, permanent damage, birth defects, or requires hospitalization is considered an SAE.[1] The results of these trials are often included in the labeling of the medication to provide information both for patients and the prescribing physicians.
οι επιπλοκές που μπορεί να προκύψουν μετά από χειρουργική επέμβαση
Ameliyat ortaya çıkabilecek komplikasyonlar
διεγχειρητικές επιπλοκές, οι επιπλοκές, προβλήματα στην λειτουργία, διεγχειρητική προβλήματα.
intraoperatif komplikasyonlar, bazı sorunlar, operasyon, ameliyat sırasındaki sorunları içinde sorunları.
Complication, in medicine, is an unfavorable evolution of a disease, a health condition or a medical treatment. The disease can become worse in its severity or show a higher number of signs, symptoms or new pathological changes, become widespread throughout the body or affect other organ systems. A medical treatment, such as drugs or surgery may produce adverse effects and/or produce new health problem(s) by itself. A new disease may also appear as a complication to a previous existing disease. Therefore, a complication may be iatrogenic, i.e., literally brought forth by the physician. Medical knowledge about a disease, procedure or treatment usually entails a list of the most common complications, so that they can be foreseen, prevented or recognized more easily and speedily. Depending on the degree of vulnerability, susceptibility, age, health status, immune system condition, etc. complications may arise more easily. Complications affect adversely the prognosis of a disease. Non-invasive and minimally invasive medical procedures usually favor fewer complications in comparison to invasive ones. Examples of complications * Generalized septicemia (infection of the blood) may occur as a complication of an infected wound or abscess * Allergic shock can be a reaction to several kinds of anesthetics, as a complication in a surgery * Fractured ribs and sternum may be a complication of cardiopulmonary resuscitation attempts in people suffering severe osteoporosis * Puerperal fever may be a common complication of childbirth and used to kill a large proportion of mothers before the advent of antisepsis and antibiotics * Diabetes mellitus may present a series of complications in an advanced or more severe stage, such as gangrene, diabetic foot, blindness, infections, etc. * Thrombosis in the heart or brain, causing stroke or acute myocardial infarction can be complications of blood coagulation disorders, phlebitis (inflammation of the veins), endocarditis and artificial heart valves * Eczema vaccinatum is a rare and severe complication of smallpox vaccination in people with eczema * Hepatotoxic dementia is a possible complication of hepatitis and liver cirrhosis * Mental retardation is a common complication of untreated hydrocephalus * A paradoxical reaction to a drug; that is, a reaction that is the opposite to the intended purpose of the drug. An example is benzodiazepines, a class of psychoactive drugs considered minor tranquilizers with varying hypnotic, sedative, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant effects; paradoxically they may also create hyperactivity, anxiety, convulsions etc. in susceptible individuals. [1] * Erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence are prevalent to prostatectomy.
Komplikasyon, ilaç, hastalık, sağlık durumu veya tıbbi bir tedavi olumsuz bir biçimidir. Hastalığın kendi şiddetinde daha kötü hale veya daha yüksek bir sayı işaretleri, belirtiler ya da yeni patolojik değişiklikler, vücutta yaygın hale veya diğer organ sistemini etkileyen göstermek. Tıbbi tedavi, ilaç veya cerrahi gibi yan etkiler üretmek yapabilir veya yeni sağlık sorunları kendiliğinden üretir. Yeni bir hastalık da bir önceki varolan hastalık komplikasyon olarak görünebilir. Bu nedenle, bir komplikasyon Yani, kelimenin tam anlamıyla ileri getirdi hekim tarafından iyatrojenik, olabilir. Böylece onlar olabilir öngörülen, önlenebilir veya daha kolay ve daha hızlı tanınan hastalığı, yordam veya tedavi hakkında tıbbi bilgi genellikle en sık görülen komplikasyonlar listesi üzerine kuruludur. Güvenlik açığı, duyarlılık, yaşı, sağlık durumu, bağışıklık sisteminin durumuna derecesine bağlı olarak, daha kolay vs. komplikasyonlar ortaya çıkabilir. Komplikasyonlar hastalığı prognozu olumsuz. Minimal invaziv ve non-invaziv tıbbi prosedürler genelde invaziv olanlar ile karşılaştırıldığında daha az komplikasyon lehine. Komplikasyonlar örnekleri * yaygın septisemi (kan enfeksiyonu) enfekte yara veya apse komplikasyonu meydana * Alerjik şok-ebilmek var olmak anestezikler, birkaç tür tepki bir cerrahi bir komplikasyon olarak * kırık kaburga ve Göğüs kemiğindeki şiddetli Osteoporoz muzdarip insanlar Kardiyopulmoner resüsitasyon girişimleri bir komplikasyonu olabilir * Puerperal ateş doğum ortak bir komplikasyon olabilir ve antisepsis ve antibiyotik gelişiyle önce anne büyük bir kısmı öldürmek için kullanılan * diyabet mellitus komplikasyonlar bir dizi kangren, Diyabetik ayak, körlük, enfeksiyonlar gibi gelişmiş veya daha ağır bir aşamada takdim edebilir miyim? * Kalp ya da beyin, tromboz kontur veya akut miyokard enfarktüsü neden-ebilmek var olmak komplikasyonlar kan koagülasyon bozuklukları, flebit (damar iltihabı), endokardit ve yapay kalp kapakları * Egzama vaccinatum suçiçeği aşısı Egzama olan kişilerde ciddi ve nadir bir komplikasyonu olan * Hepatotoxic demans hepatit ve karaciğer sirozu olası bir komplikasyonu olan * zeka geriliği olan işlenmemiş hidrosefali yaygın komplikasyonu * paradoksal reaksiyon için bir ilaç; diğer bir deyişle, ilaç amacı için tam tersi bir tepki. Benzodiazepinler, değişen hipnotik, yatıştırıcı, anksiyolitik, Antiepileptik ve kas gevşetici etkisi ile küçük sakinleştiriciler kabul psikoaktif ilaçların bir sınıf buna bir örnektir; Paradoksal olarak onlar hiperaktivite, anksiyete, konvülziyon vb duyarlı bireylerde acabilirsiniz. [1] * Erektil disfonksiyon ve idrar kaçırma prostatektomi için yaygın.
Μια αντένδεικη (που λέγεται αντι-ένδειξη) είναι ένας όρος παράγοντας που μιλάει εναντίον ενός συγκεκριμένου μέτρου. Ως επί το πλείστον χρησιμοποιείται στην ιατρική, σε σχέση με παράγοντες που αυξάνουν τους κινδύνους που σχετίζονται με την χρήση ενός συγκεκριμένου φαρμάκου, μέσω μιας ιατρικής διαδικασίας, ή εμπλέκοντας σε μια ειδική δραστηριότητα.Μερικές αντενδείξεις είναι απόλυτες, σημαίνοντας ότι δεν υπάρχουν λογικές περιστάσεις για μια σειρά ενεργειών. Για παράδειγμα, ένα βρέφος με πυρετό δεν θα πρέπει να πάρει ποτέ ασπιρίνη λόγω του συνδρόμου του Ρέυε, και ένα άτομο με φαγητό που προκαλεί αναφυλαξία δεν θα πρέπει να φάει ποτέ φαγητό που προκαλεί αλλεργία. Ομοίως, ένα άτομο με αιμοχρωμάτωση θα πρέπει να λαμβάνει σίδηρο. Αλλες αντενδείξεις είναι σχετικές, σημαίνοντας ότι ο ασθενής διατρέχει υψηλότερο κίνδυνο επιπλοκών, αλλά ότι αυτοί οι κίνδυνοι μπορεί να αντισταθμιστούν με άλλες θεραπείες ή να καταπολεμηθούν με άλλα μέτρα. Για παΡάδειγμα μια έγγυος γυναίκα δεν πρέπει να παίρνει ακτινοβολία, αλλά αυτός ο κίνδυνος είναι πολύ μικρότερος από μη διάγνωση ή της μη δυνατότητας θεραπείας μιας σοβαρής περίπτωσης όπως φυματίωση ή σπασμένο κόκκαλο. Σχετικές αντενδείξεις μπορεί να θεωρούνταο ως προφυλάξεις όπως στο Εθνικό Καταστατικό της Βρεταννίας.
(Kontra-göstergesi olarak telaffuz) bir kontrendikasyon bir koşul veya belirli bir ölçü karşı konuşuyor bir faktör olduğunu. Ayrıca, tıp kullanarak belirli bir ilaç, tıbbi bir işlemi gerçekleştirmeden veya belirli bir faaliyet yapan riskleri artıran faktörler açısından çok kullanılır. Bazı kontrendikasyonlar mutlak, bir hareketin girişim hiç makul bir şart vardır anlamına gelir. Örneğin, bir bebeğin ateşi hiç aspirin Reye Sendromu riski nedeniyle verilmeli ve anafilaktik gıda alerjisi olan bir kişi hiçbir zaman hangi onlar alerjisi olan yemek yemelisin. Benzer şekilde, bir kişi ile hemokromatozis yönetilen demir preparatları olmamalıdır. Diğer kontrendikasyonlar hasta komplikasyonlar daha yüksek risk altında olduğunu, ancak bu riskleri ile ilgili diğer konular tarafından outweighed veya diğer önlemlerle hafifletilmiş anlamı görecelidir. Örneğin, hamile bir kadın normalde röntgen getting kaçının ancak risk teşhis ya da tüberküloz veya kırık kemik gibi ciddi bir durumun tedavisi güçlü olmak riski daha az olabilir. Göreceli kontrendikasyonlar için uyarılar gibi İngiliz Ulusal formüler da adlandırılabilir.
Στην ιατρική, μία ένδειξη είναι έγκυρος λόγος να χρησιμποιηθεί ένα ορισμένο τεστ, φάρμακα, διαδικασία, ή χειρουργική επέμβαση. Το αντίθετο της ένδειξης είναι η αντένδειξη.
Tıpta, bir belirli test, ilaç, yordam veya cerrahi kullanmak için geçerli bir neden bir göstergesidir. Gösterge kontrendikasyon karşısındadır.
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/content
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/content
Ενας ενδοφακός είναι ένα εμφυτευμένος φακός για τα μάτια, που συνήθως αντικαθιστά τους κρυστάλλινους φακούς επειδή είναι επισκιασμένος από καταρράκτη, ή ως είδος αναπλαστικής χειρουργικής για να αλλάξει το οπτικό πεδίο του ματιού. Συνήθως αποτελείται από έναν μικρό πλαστικό φακό με πλαστική επικάλυψη στα πλάγια, που οναμάζονται απτικά, για να κρατ΄σηει τους φακούς στην θέση μέσα στον αμφιβληστροειδή στο μάτι. οι ενδοφακοί αρχικά είχαν φτιαχτεί από ένα δύσκαμπτο υλικό, απρόλο που αυτό έχει ξεπεραστεί από την χρήση εύκαμπτων υλικών. Οι περισσότερι ενδοφακοί που χρησιμοποιούνται σήμερα είναι σταθεροί μονοεστιακοί φακοί για την όραση από απόσταση. Ωστόσο, άλλοι τύποι φακών είναι διαθέσιμοι, όπως πολυφακοί IOLS, που παρέχουν στον ασθενή πολυεστιακή όραση καθώς και μακρινή απόσταση ανάγνωσης, και προσαρμοστικοί φακοί που παρέχουν στον ασθενή περιορισμένο οπτικό πεδίο.
Bir göz içi lens (IOL) gözünde bu katarakt tarafından ya da gözün optik güç değiştirmek için Refraktif Cerrahi biçimi olarak bulutlu çünkü genellikle mevcut kristal lens yerine yerleştirilmiş bir camdır. Genellikle küçük bir plastik lens haptik mercek gözün iç kapsüler torba içinde bir yerde tutmak için denilen plastik yan Gergi ile oluşur.[kaynak belirtilmeli] Her ne kadar bu büyük ölçüde esnek malzemeler kullanılarak almıştır IOLs geleneksel (PMMA), esnek bir malzemeden yapılmıştır. Bugün donatılmış en IOLs mesafe vizyon için eşleşen monofocal lensler sabitlenir. Ancak, diğer türleri gibi uzak ve okuma mesafede çoklu odaklı vizyonu ile hasta sağlayan çok görüşlü IOLs ve hasta ile sınırlı görsel bir konaklama sağlayan adaptive IOLs kullanılabilir.
Συσκευασία είναι η επιστήμη, τέχνη και τεχνολογία του κλεισίματος ή προστασίας προιόντων για διανομή, αποθήκευση, πωλήσεις και χρήση. Η συσκευασία επίσης αναφέρεται στην διαδικασία του σχεδιασμού, αξιολόγησης και παραγωγής προιόντων. Η συσκευασία μπορεί να περιγραφεί ως συντονισμένο σύστημα της προετοιμασίας εμπορευμάτων για μεταφορά, αποθήκευση, πώληση, και τελική χρήση. Η συσκευασία περιλαμβάνει, προστατεύει, διαφυλάττει, μεταφέρει, πληροφορεί και πωλεί {1)Σεπολλές χώρες ανατίθεται πλήρως στην κυβέρνηση, επιχειρήσεις, θεσιμική, βιομηχανική και προσωπική χρήση. Η συσκευασία λέγεται και πακετάρισμα, γιατί τα προιόντα διατίθενται σε πακέτα.
Ambalaj, bilim, sanat ve teknoloji iliştirilen veya dağıtım, depolama, satış ve kullanım ürünleri korumak olduğunu. Ambalaj tasarım, değerlendirme ve paketleri üretim sürecine de ifade eder. Ambalaj, eşya taşıma, depolama, Lojistik, satış ve son kullanım için hazırlanması koordine edilmiş bir sistem olarak tanımlanabilir. Ambalaj içerir, korur, korur, nakliye, bilgilendirir ve satıyor.[1] Birçok ülkede tam entegre hükümet, iş dünyası, endüstriyel, kurumsal ve kişisel kullanım.
Περιγραφή μια δήλωση που παρουσιάζει κάτι στα λόγια, από το ρήμα περιγράφουν
açıklama bir şey kelimeleri, fiil in sunan bir deyim açıklamak
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