- Industry: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
1. A pyranometer developed by W. Gorczyński, consisting of a Moll thermopile shielded from the wind by a bell glass. 2. Name sometimes used as a generic term in place of pyranometer.
Industry:Weather
1. A pressure of one atmosphere, in SI units, 101 325 N m<sup>−2</sup>. In older works standard pressure sometimes means the arbitrary reference pressure in the expression for potential temperature; but this use of standard pressure should be avoided, given the widespread use of standard pressure in many fields of science to mean a pressure of one atmosphere. Compare standard temperature. In meteorology, the arbitrarily selected atmospheric pressure of 1000 mb to which adiabatic processes are referred for definitions of potential temperature, equivalent potential temperature, etc. Other pressures may be used as standard for specific purposes.
Industry:Weather
1. A popular term for mixing cloud. 2. Water vapor at a temperature greater than the boiling point.
Industry:Weather
1. A point in an electromagnetic field at which electric or magnetic field lines converge. See'' also'' dipole, magnetic dipole. 2. For any circle on the surface of a sphere, the point of intersection of the surface of the sphere and the normal line through the center of the circle. The North and South geographic poles are the poles of the equator or of any other latitude circle. 3. The origin of a system of polar coordinates.
Industry:Weather
1. A natural depression or cavity in a land surface, generally occurring in limestone regions and formed by solution or by collapse of a cavern roof. 2. Popularly, a sudden slumping of the surface due to overpumping of the aquifer.
Industry:Weather
1. A Fourier spectral representation of physical space. By computing the Fourier transform of a physical signal, such as temperature measurements frequently sampled during some period, the resulting amplitudes of the sine and cosine waves are an alternative way of describing the data. These amplitudes represent the signal in phase space. 2. A technique used in nonlinear dynamics and chaos theory to examine processes by the evolving relationship between dependent variables, rather than by the relationship between dependent and independent variables. See fast Fourier transform (FFT).
Industry:Weather
1. A general term applied to the investigation activities at a specific location that examine natural phenomena and human-induced conditions important to the resolution of environmental, safety, and water-resource issues. 2. The program of exploration and research, both in the laboratory and in the field, undertaken to establish the geologic conditions and the ranges of the geologic parameters of a particular site relevant to the program. It includes borings, surface excavations, excavation of exploratory shafts, limited subsurface lateral excavations and borings, and in situ testing at depths needed to determine the suitability of the site for a geologic repository, but does not include preliminary borings and geophysical testing needed to decide whether site characterization should be undertaken.
Industry:Weather
1. A device used in experimental meteorology for viewing the relative motions in a rotating fluid system. It consists of a Dove prism (Hecht 1974) mounted in a rotating barrel and aligned along the axis of rotation of the vessel containing the fluid. Since the image in the prism rotates twice during each revolution of the prism itself, the rotating vessel will appear stationary if the rate of rotation of the barrel is one-half the rotation of the vessel, and in the correct sense. 2. An instrument that measures the flow velocity of a gas through a tube. It consists of a lightweight piston, externally threaded, that fits loosely inside a vertically mounted glass tube. The gas flows in at the bottom of the tube, lifting the piston and imparting a rotary motion to it as air flows through the threaded section. The height to which the piston rises is a measure of the flow velocity of the particular gas.
Industry:Weather
